Friday, June 6, 2014

Life on Jupiter's Moon?


Not much to see or do at Lake Vostok, Antarctica, unless are Russian research scientist. However, there is a lot to learn about Lake Vostok, and it is most definitely a strange spot on this Earth.   It's only one of Antarctica's 400 known lakes under the surface of it's ice sheet.  The ice sheet is a whooping  11,400 above mean sea level. Lake Vostok is a fresh water lake approximately 13,100 feet under the ice!!!  It's rather large at  160 long and 30 miles wide.  The liquid water depth is as deep as 2,600 feet.  The lake is under complete darkness and oddly enough, is subject to tides.   The lake was discovered long ago when flying over Antarctica, a scientist noticed it's smooth ice surface.  It wasn't until 2012 that Russian Scientists drilled into the ice.  Ice that hasn't been disturbed for possibly 15 to 25 million years (it was only 66 million years ago that Antarctica was a tropical environment with plenty of life).  On Feb 5, 2012, the Russians drilled to the depth of 12,400 ft (a record) and entered the surface of the lake.  Water then rushed into the bore hole.  The first deep ice was collected for research on Jan 10, 2013.  Water samples are waiting to be collected and analyzed.
One theory is that Vostok could resemble conditions on ice covered oceans of Jupiter's moon Europa.  Could there be life up there???  Maybe :).  What keep the lake water is do to the high pressure from the weight of the ice above it and most likely geothermal heat from the Earth's interior.  The ice sheet also acts as an insulator. Today, Vostok Station is located on the lake for research.  It is here that the coldest temperature in the world were recorded at -128 degrees (the average temperature is 27 degrees).   Initial samples of the ice's deep core did show living micro-organ, however it is unclear if the drill contaminated the ice.  More samples are being collected with cleaner drills.  Time will tell.  The Russians aren't the only ones trying to research Antarctica's lakes. The British have been working to penetrate anther sub-glacial lake, Lake Ellsworth, in West Antarctica, using  a hot water drill,  which is much cleaner and less likely to contaminate.



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